ရတ္တီနီယမ်,  44Ru
ကအောဝ်ႏလုဲင်ႏဒါႏ ဂုဏ်သတ္တိဖုံႏ
အမဉ်ꩻ၊ သင်္ကေတရတ္တီနီယမ်, Ru
အယောင်ꩻsilvery white metallic
ဒြတ်စင် အထဲ့ရော့ꩻ ထာꩻရှောင်ကို ရတ္တီနီယမ်
Element 1: Hydrogen (H), Other non-metal
Element 2: Helium (He), Noble gas
Element 3: Lithium (Li), Alkali metal
Element 4: Beryllium (Be), Alkaline earth metal
Element 5: Boron (B), Metalloid
Element 6: Carbon (C), Other non-metal
Element 7: Nitrogen (N), Other non-metal
Element 8: Oxygen (O), Other non-metal
Element 9: Fluorine (F), Halogen
Element 10: Neon (Ne), Noble gas
Element 11: Sodium (Na), Alkali metal
Element 12: Magnesium (Mg), Alkaline earth metal
Element 13: Aluminium (Al), Other metal
Element 14: Silicon (Si), Metalloid
Element 15: Phosphorus (P), Other non-metal
Element 16: Sulfur (S), Other non-metal
Element 17: Chlorine (Cl), Halogen
Element 18: Argon (Ar), Noble gas
Element 19: Potassium (K), Alkali metal
Element 20: Calcium (Ca), Alkaline earth metal
Element 21: Scandium (Sc), Transition metal
Element 22: Titanium (Ti), Transition metal
Element 23: Vanadium (V), Transition metal
Element 24: Chromium (Cr), Transition metal
Element 25: Manganese (Mn), Transition metal
Element 26: Iron (Fe), Transition metal
Element 27: Cobalt (Co), Transition metal
Element 28: Nickel (Ni), Transition metal
Element 29: Copper (Cu), Transition metal
Element 30: Zinc (Zn), Transition metal
Element 31: Gallium (Ga), Other metal
Element 32: Germanium (Ge), Metalloid
Element 33: Arsenic (As), Metalloid
Element 34: Selenium (Se), Other non-metal
Element 35: Bromine (Br), Halogen
Element 36: Krypton (Kr), Noble gas
Element 37: Rubidium (Rb), Alkali metal
Element 38: Strontium (Sr), Alkaline earth metal
Element 39: Yttrium (Y), Transition metal
Element 40: Zirconium (Zr), Transition metal
Element 41: Niobium (Nb), Transition metal
Element 42: Molybdenum (Mo), Transition metal
Element 43: Technetium (Tc), Transition metal
Element 44: Ruthenium (Ru), Transition metal
Element 45: Rhodium (Rh), Transition metal
Element 46: Palladium (Pd), Transition metal
Element 47: Silver (Ag), Transition metal
Element 48: Cadmium (Cd), Transition metal
Element 49: Indium (In), Other metal
Element 50: Tin (Sn), Other metal
Element 51: Antimony (Sb), Metalloid
Element 52: Tellurium (Te), Metalloid
Element 53: Iodine (I), Halogen
Element 54: Xenon (Xe), Noble gas
Element 55: Caesium (Cs), Alkali metal
Element 56: Barium (Ba), Alkaline earth metal
Element 57: Lanthanum (La), Lanthanoid
Element 58: Cerium (Ce), Lanthanoid
Element 59: Praseodymium (Pr), Lanthanoid
Element 60: Neodymium (Nd), Lanthanoid
Element 61: Promethium (Pm), Lanthanoid
Element 62: Samarium (Sm), Lanthanoid
Element 63: Europium (Eu), Lanthanoid
Element 64: Gadolinium (Gd), Lanthanoid
Element 65: Terbium (Tb), Lanthanoid
Element 66: Dysprosium (Dy), Lanthanoid
Element 67: Holmium (Ho), Lanthanoid
Element 68: Erbium (Er), Lanthanoid
Element 69: Thulium (Tm), Lanthanoid
Element 70: Ytterbium (Yb), Lanthanoid
Element 71: Lutetium (Lu), Lanthanoid
Element 72: Hafnium (Hf), Transition metal
Element 73: Tantalum (Ta), Transition metal
Element 74: Tungsten (W), Transition metal
Element 75: Rhenium (Re), Transition metal
Element 76: Osmium (Os), Transition metal
Element 77: Iridium (Ir), Transition metal
Element 78: Platinum (Pt), Transition metal
Element 79: Gold (Au), Transition metal
Element 80: Mercury (Hg), Transition metal
Element 81: Thallium (Tl), Other metal
Element 82: Lead (Pb), Other metal
Element 83: Bismuth (Bi), Other metal
Element 84: Polonium (Po), Metalloid
Element 85: Astatine (At), Halogen
Element 86: Radon (Rn), Noble gas
Element 87: Francium (Fr), Alkali metal
Element 88: Radium (Ra), Alkaline earth metal
Element 89: Actinium (Ac), Actinoid
Element 90: Thorium (Th), Actinoid
Element 91: Protactinium (Pa), Actinoid
Element 92: Uranium (U), Actinoid
Element 93: Neptunium (Np), Actinoid
Element 94: Plutonium (Pu), Actinoid
Element 95: Americium (Am), Actinoid
Element 96: Curium (Cm), Actinoid
Element 97: Berkelium (Bk), Actinoid
Element 98: Californium (Cf), Actinoid
Element 99: Einsteinium (Es), Actinoid
Element 100: Fermium (Fm), Actinoid
Element 101: Mendelevium (Md), Actinoid
Element 102: Nobelium (No), Actinoid
Element 103: Lawrencium (Lr), Actinoid
Element 104: Rutherfordium (Rf), Transition metal
Element 105: Dubnium (Db), Transition metal
Element 106: Seaborgium (Sg), Transition metal
Element 107: Bohrium (Bh), Transition metal
Element 108: Hassium (Hs), Transition metal
Element 109: Meitnerium (Mt), Transition metal
Element 110: Darmstadtium (Ds), Transition metal
Element 111: Roentgenium (Rg), Transition metal
Element 112: Copernicium (Cn), Transition metal
Element 113: Ununtrium (Uut)
Element 114: Ununquadium (Uuq)
Element 115: Ununpentium (Uup)
Element 116: Ununhexium (Uuh)
Element 117: Ununseptium (Uus)
Element 118: Ununoctium (Uuo)
Fe

Ru

Os
တဲက္ကနဲတ္တီယမ်ရတ္တီနီယမ်ရိုဒီယမ်
အဲက်တမ် အမုဲင်ရဲန်ႏ (Z)44
အဗူႏဘလော့group 8
အထဲ့ရော့ꩻ ထာꩻရွောင်period  5
အှောန်ႏထော့ခါꩻ အဲက်တမ်မေက် အထှူႏခေန်ႏ (Ar)
အီလဲက္ထရွန် ကဖျင်ထာꩻ[Kr] 4d7 5s1
အပီတထွိုင်ကို ကပါဒါႏ အီလဲက္ထရွန်2, 8, 18, 15, 1
ပှိုင်းဝှို့တုမ်ႏ ယောင်ꩻဖဲ့ဂုဏ်သတ္တိဖုံႏ
အခြုံးခြီအီအလျား2607 K ​(2334 °C, ​4233 °F)
အထီဗို့ꩻအီအလျား4423 K ​(4150 °C, ​7502 °F)
အနဲန်းအတဉ်ႏ (အခန်ꩻအလျား ၊ လမ်းဟောင်းကိုအလျား)12.45 g/cm3
10.65 g/cm3
ဖျှူးဆဉ်းအလျား38.59 kJ/mol
အတအှိုထန်ႏအလျား619 kJ/mol
မိုလာ အလျားအာႏရဲင်ꩻ24.06 J/(mol·K)
အတအှိုထီတေက်ꩻအာႏ
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 2588 2811 3087 3424 3845 4388
အဲက်တမ်မေက်ဂုဏ်ႏဖုံႏ
ဓာတ်ငင်ႏအီလက်ထရွန် Pauling scale: 2.2
အာႏတောင်ႏတာႏမာꩻထွာအုဲင်းယွန်း1st: 710.2 kJ/mol
2nd: 1620 kJ/mol
3rd: 2747 kJ/mol
အဲက်တမ်မေက် ဒွါႏအကဲန်တကှို့ꩻempirical: 134 pm
ကိုဗေးလဲန့်ဒွါႏအကဲန်တကှို့ꩻ 146±7 pm
Miscellanea
ကမာꩻထွာခါꩻထာꩻကြုံးhexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for ရတ္တီနီယမ်
အငေါဝ်းအမှိုင် 5970 m/s (at 20 °C)
အလျားမာꩻတခြက်ထာꩻ6.4 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
အလျားတွီကာႏထာꩻ117 W/(m·K)
တျာႏရဲးကမ်းထာꩻ71 nΩ·m (at 0 °C)
ပသီႏထှို့ꩻဓာတ်paramagnetic[]
ပသီႏထှို့ꩻ ကခှေါင်းအီဒါႏထာꩻ (χmol)+39×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[]
Young's modulus447 GPa
Shear modulus173 GPa
Bulk modulus220 GPa
ပွုဲင်သွန် အဗျင်ႏ- ပွိုင်စွန် အချိုး0.30
Mohs hardness6.5
Brinell hardness2160 MPa
CAS Number7440-18-8
ထွာလှောန်ခြောင်ꩻ
ကဖေႏအမဉ်ꩻသားafter Ruthenia, the 19th-century Latin name for Russia[မတ်ရောမ် ၁]
ကထုမ်ႏမော့ꩻ ယင်း ဖဖြှဲ့ꩻထန်ႏ အရီးသွတ်ꩻလဲင်ႏKarl Ernst Claus (1844)
အစှူဖြှိုးသွတ်ꩻ ရတ္တီနီယမ်သီး အုဲင်သိုတုပ်ဖုံႏ
iso NA သက်တန်ꩻတာကွို့ꩻ DM DE

( MeV)

DP
96Ru 5.54% is stable with 52 neutrons
97Ru syn 2.9 d ε 97Tc
γ 0.215, 0.324
98Ru 1.87% is stable with 54 neutrons
99Ru 12.76% is stable with 55 neutrons
100Ru 12.60% is stable with 56 neutrons
101Ru 17.06% is stable with 57 neutrons
102Ru 31.55% is stable with 58 neutrons
103Ru syn 39.26 d β 0.226 103Rh
γ 0.497
104Ru 18.62% is stable with 60 neutrons
106Ru syn 373.59 d β 0.039 106Rh
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အုံနောင်

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ၁.၀ ၁.၁ Haynes, p. 4.130
  2. Matthey၊ Johnson။ The Discovery of Ruthenium (in en-US)။
  3. Pitchkov, V. N. (1996). "The Discovery of Ruthenium". Platinum Metals Review 40 (4): 181–188. 
The references of group "lower-alpha":


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